Gravity Vented Gas Space Heaters - A Dying Breed

Over the past 12 years, the preference of thevented units; which manufacturers have passed
gas space heater market has shifted drasticallyon to the consumer.
towards power vented gas space heaters andThe U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Policy
away from gravity vented models. Most majorAct of 2005 is the most recent blow to the
manufacturers are currently phasing out theirgravity vented gas space heater market, which
gravity vented product line. There have beentakes effect in August of 2008. The new codes,
many reasons for this shift:which are designed to reduce fuel consumption,
- 20% Better Fuel Efficiency. While fuel priceswill further reduce demand for gravity vented gas
continue to skyrocket and manufacturingspace heaters. Gravity vented units will require
methods become more efficient, the paybackthe following:
period for power vented units can no longer be a· Intermittent Ignition Device: The price
factor - there usually is no payback period. Thepremium for gravity vented units will increase
smaller diameter vent pipes and shorter horizontalwith this additional cost.
runs associated with power vented units make· Automatic Vent Dampers: This
the installation less costly. Often times the upfrontexpensive addition is meant to open the vent
installation cost of a power vented unit is LESSsystem while gravity vented units are running and
than a gravity vented unit. Considering the lowerclose them when the units are off. This raises the
first cost and the lower operating cost, nobodytotal installation cost and increases the wiring
should choose gravity vented units in a newcomplexity and sequence of operations.
application.Per the requirements of the 2005 EPAct, owners
- Tighter Building Designs Combined With Lowerwho purchase a power vented unit will
Flue Gas Temperatures Create Venting Problems.simultaneously reap the benefits of:
When building construction was looser there was- Decreased equipment costs
more natural infiltration; this was ideal for the less- Decreased installation costs
efficient gravity vented unit that produces higher- Decreased wiring and sequence of operation
flue temperatures. With loose construction, therecomplexity
are rarely any venting problems. With tight- Decreased risk of nuisance lockouts, no-heat
construction, there are many venting problems.situations and manual resets
Flue temperatures have been reduced as the- Decreased risk of flue products spilling into area
thermal efficiencies have eclipsed 80%, nearly- Increased ability to overcome negative indoor air
eliminating the natural draft effect in modern ventpressure problems
systems. Along with the increased thermal- Increased equipment reliability
efficiency came negative indoor air pressure.- Increased equipment life expectancy
Other higher efficiency products such as boilersThe following is a simple guide line for replacing a
and exhaust systems can create a negativegravity vented unit with a power vented gas
pressure in the space. Negative indoor pressurespace heater unit.
plus cooler flue gasses results in poor venting,When replacing a single gravity vented unit with a
flame roll-out, increased condensation andpower vented unit, it is important to comply with
corrosion inside the vent systems. This causesNational Gas Code (NFPA 54) venting information.
premature failures of heat exchangers, ventWhen replacing a unit and determining if the vent
systems and burners. Often times flue gas wouldsystem is re-usable, the following article is
spill into the heated space. Blocked vent safetyapplicable.
switches (BVSS) became mandated by code toNFPA 54 - 2002, article 13.2.21:
protect users. Incidences of nuisance lockouts,(Quick overview - see article or details) Vent
no-heat situations and manual resets increasedConnector Upsizing - Vent connections shall not be
drastically with the code-mandated blocked ventincreased more than two sizes greater than the
safety switches (BVSS).listed appliance categorized vent diameter.
- Power Vented Units Are Less Expensive ThanItems to review before using an existing system:
Gravity Vented Gas Space Heaters. As demand1) Inspect vent systems prior to reusing to
for power vented units increased, while theensure solid integrity.
demand for gravity vented units decreased, the2) For multiple units, the vent systems must be
laws of economics took hold. With increasedseparated unless the unit venting conforms to
demand came longer production runs whichcommon venting requirements listed in your
reduced set-up and overhead costs. The cost ofmanufacturer's installation literature.
purchasing components for the power ventedIf an existing gravity vented unit has been
units decreased as well. Furthermore, with theconverted with a powered exhaust, review the
aforementioned increased efficiency and reliability,venting system to ensure that it meets the
the cost of manufacturer support in the form ofventing requirements in your owner's manual and
service calls and warranty claims decreased. Thearticle 13.2.21.
opposite effects increased the costs of gravity